Archive for January, 2009

Franz Liszt: The Greatest Pianist Ever?

Saturday, January 31st, 2009

 

Is there a way to definitively say someone is the “greatest pianist ever,” especially when the person in question lived long before recorded music? One of the contenders for the title is a gentleman by the name of Franz Liszt. His peers were awed at his skill and proclaimed his playing to be the pinnacle of instrumental prowess. European audiences bowed before him; women fawned over him; and fellow musicians aspired to be like him. Liszt was a master of the piano.

Born in the Kingdom of Hungary in 1811, Liszt was exposed to music at an early age. His father was an aspiring musician who played piano, violin and guitar and was personally acquainted with Beethoven. As a young child, Liszt would watch his father playing piano. He was interested in both sacred and gypsy music, which greatly influenced his later playing.

At age 11 he studied in Vienna and met both Schumann and Beethoven. Moving to Paris as a teenager, he was surrounded by virtuosos. The great violinist Paganini, who so accomplished that he was accused of being in league with the devil, sparked Liszt’s imagination. If someone could perform that well on the violin, he thought, why couldn’t a virtuoso do the same with the piano. He quit playing concerts for a few years in order to devote himself to practice. Having already become wildly successful as a live performer, this move stunned the public.

After moving back into the public eye, Liszt showed his new mastery of the instrument. He wrote that “ten fingers have the power to reproduce the harmonies which are created by hundreds of performers.” Just to show the audience what he meant, he followed an orchestral version of a Berlioz piece with his own solo arrangement. On a lone piano he made the piece more powerful than the entire orchestra.

In 1933 Liszt made an impression on Countess Marie D’Agoult, who left her husband and children to join his side. The couple lived in Switzerland and Italy for four years. He still gave performances, one of which is particularly noteworthy. The pianist Sigismond Thalberg had become very popular, and the two gave a dueling piano concert. While Liszt hadn’t been playing as often as Thalberg, he was more than ready to match his skill. Before a stunned audience, each pianist transcended the ordinary confines of the instrument, both technically and emotionally. Both were proclaimed victors by the assembled guests.

Though he constantly toured and composed his own pieces to rapturous reviews, he wanted to be recognized as a composer rather than a performer. He quit touring at age 36 in order to concentrate on his pieces. Liszt conducted orchestras and gave away free piano lessons. Later in his life he took holy orders, which was a definite contrast to his earlier life as a notorious playboy. He continued to compose experimental piano pieces until his death in 1886.

Throughout both his concert and composing careers, Liszt pushed the envelope of the piano. His work stretched the definitions of both acceptability and accessibility. Since his life, piano playing has never been the same.

Mr. ShowmanShip of the Piano: Liberace

Friday, January 30th, 2009

Better known as just Liberace, Wladziu Valentino Liberace was born on the 16th of May, 1919. Born of Polish-Irish parents, he was born with a caul - a membrane covering him when he was born. In some cultures, including the cultural background that Liberace came from, being born with a caul was a sign that the new born was going to be genius in life. True or not, he was a great entertainer otherwise he would have not earned the names - Mr. Showmanship and The Glitter Man.

His father used to blow a horn in many bands and in movie theaters. When it didn’t pay the bills, he had the odd job here and there, working as a laborer. While the father taught the family to learn to value music, Liberace’s mother was one who didn’t agree that investment in music - be it a music player or music lessons - was a wise investment taking into consideration the amount of poverty that they lived in.

Liberace was quoted saying later in career that it was his father’s love for music, which he imbibed in his children was what taught him his musical values. Liberace’s musical education began with the piano classes that he started attending. The concerts that he was taken to and the way they were put to task, to practice and grow in music, imbibed in Liberace the need to be excellent.

Liberace’s obvious talents were noticed by the fact that at age seven, he learned many difficult pieces of music. He became well versed with fellow Polish pianist Paderewski’s work, whom he met when he was eight years old. His meeting with Paderewski greatly fired him up and he admitted that his new found passion for the piano post meeting Paderewski made his the passion previous to the meeting look like neglect, Liberace later said.

Apart from the music side of things, the family was not doing well. The Great Depression has reduced their manner of living greatly. Liberace had a speech problem which he was ridiculed for, in addition to him not being sports savvy and had liking to cook. For ten years, he studied under the able guidance of his teacher Florence Kelly. He learned all he could simultaneously playing gigs wherever he could find them for various occasions.

His first group was the mixers which he formed in 1934. He decided to name himself Walter Busterkeys during this period of time. He started making the style statement that he would be known for in his later life as an entertainer. It got a lot of attention which worked for him.

In 1937, Liberace competed in a music competition where he won the appreciation for his flare and showmanship. At 21, he was playing with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. In 1942 Liberace made a switch to a more pop sound as opposed to playing classical music which was his forte.

He had to struggle making a career in the early 40’s, but by the time the 40’s ended, he was pretty well established. The reason for this was that he moved on from classical piano, to a more commercial pop sound which was more fun and he made the change from piano player to an all round entertainer.

He used the attention seeking acts that he used when he was growing - only this time he was getting more attention as a result of them. He started talking to the crowds and interacting with them instead of just playing for them. He even had a phonograph accompany him at times. What drove the drive to innovate the way he did was the wish that he had to connect directly with his audience and also to escape the reality of the struggle that a classical pianist would go through at the time.

He tried his hand at soundies too. Soundies were the early versions of the music videos, that we have now. He used the acts that he used to enthrall people with at his nightclub gigs and reproduced them in the soundies that he was in. He became a regular at Las Vegas.

His innovativeness took him to extremes to see that he was the talk of the town, that he got people’s attention. He finally took his final stage name Liberace, categorically stating that it should be pronounced as “Liber-Ah-Chee”. Liberace extended his fans base to the rich and famous at whose parties he was a regular act.

In 1947, he brought a gold plated piano to go with the image that he projected then of being Liberace - the most amazing piano virtuoso of the present day.

Flying High with The US Air Force Band

Thursday, January 29th, 2009

There are currently 12 Air Force Bands in the USA. They include the US Air Force Academy Band, The US Air Force Band, US Air Force Band of Liberty and the US Air Reserve Band to name a few. Each of the bands plays in the geographical region in which it is assigned.

The band began in 1941 as the Bolling Army Air Forces Band. The band’s mission according to its website is “to deliver world-class musical products that inspire emotions, create positive impressions and communicate information according to Air Force objectives for the defense of the United States of America.”

To be considered for the United States Air Force Band, applicants must be between 18 and 34 years old. Like some of the other military bands, a waiver can be requested if you are older than 34. Other requirements must be met as well, such as being physically fit and passing yearly physicals. There is also a standard weight to height ratio that must be maintained. More information is found on the Air Force Band website.

Prior to becoming a member of the band, a Secret Security clearance is conducted. Failure to obtain clearance results in a member being asked to leave the US Air Force Band.

How to join

The first step in getting into the US Air Force Band is to submit a resume. Resumes are generally submitted along with a taped CD of a performance. Once the audition committee reviews the CD and resume, they will contact you. A telephone interview is normally done at this time to ensure that you are a likely candidate for the band. The Air Force band website states that some members of the group should have a high school diploma to qualify. Others, such as conductors, should ideally have a bachelor’s degree in music and be younger than 35 years old at the time of auditioning.

After the telephone interview, applicants whose responses did not indicate a problem with security clearance will be invited to a live audition. At this audition, prospective members must be able to demonstrate proficiency in sight reading, music theory and ensemble skills.

Upon successfully getting through the audition, applicants are officially invited to join the Air Force Band. At this time they will need to complete enlistment into the United States Air Force Band and the US Air Force. Recruits must then take and pass the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery test. The final stage in becoming a member of the Band is to undergo basic training in Texas.

Successful completion of the six and a half week training at Lackland Air Force Base guarantees assignment to the Air Force Band. Once assigned, trainees must move to the Bolling Air Force Base, located in Washington, D.C.

As long as you are enlisted in the Air Force you will be a member of the United States Air Force Band. Exceptions are made if your commander permits you to leave or your skill level falls.

The US Air Force Band plays at various functions, and it is normally the military band of choice at Arlington Cemetery. The Ceremonial Brass performs not only at Arlington, but at other ceremonies that have a nationalistic purpose. The Air Force Band is known as the training ground for some of the nation’s best musicians.

Do you have musical talents and a desire to help maintain the morale of your fellow airmen through music? Or do you want to help to increase public awareness of the role and function of the US Air Force? If you answered yes to these questions, perhaps you have what it takes to be a member of the US Air Force Band.

The Dynamic Talent of Rodgers and Hart

Wednesday, January 28th, 2009

The celebrated musical team of Rodgers and Hart came about when musician Richard Rodgers paired with lyricist Lorenz Hart. Rodgers, then only 17 years of age, went on to collaborate with Hart to create a musical revue, which hit theatres in 1925.  “The Garrick Gaieties” was initially scheduled for a two night run. Instead, it continued over several months and cemented one of the most successful musical partnerships of the early 20th century.
Lorenz Hart was an energetic and dynamic lyricist, whose talent was evident from an early age. During his teen years he first demonstrated his enthusiasm and talent when putting words to music at summer camps. Rodger’s musical talent emerged in much the same way, with his earliest work consisting of writing music for amateur theatre productions. By the time the pair first met, the 17 year old Rodgers had already completed study at Columbia University and expressed his strong admiration for the dynamic lyrics of Hart’s work.
Following their first meeting, Rodgers said later that the introduction provided him with “a career, a partner, and a best friend.” It was inevitable that the pair would work together, and they began to prepare from that point forward to find the break they both sought as a team. Their big break came on May 17, 1925, when the Garrick Theatre hosted the instantly successful “Garrick Gaieties.” The musical was to run briefly as a charity benefit performance. However, following the success of the main musical number “Manhattan,” the brief run extended to a massive 200 performances. The Rodgers and Hart team had arrived as a new musical force on Broadway.
The body of work produced by Rodgers and Hart was based on a naturally harmonious partnership. Hart’s ability as a lyricist was pushed along by Rodger’s musical inventiveness, while the more business-like Rodgers managed the sales side of things successfully. The team then forged opportunities to work with producers such as Lew Fields (Peggy-Ann), Ziegfield (Betsy) and CB Cochran in the UK.
The advent of the “talkies” had Hollywood calling the pair. The second musical that they produced for film secured their success in this medium, with the release of “Love me Tonight.” The songs “Lover” and “Isn’t it Romantic” gained widespread popularity.  The next musical they wrote was “I Married an Angel.” When MGM shelved the project, Rodgers and Hart rewrote it for Broadway and it had outstanding success on stage. So, MGM reconsidered the project. It was a hit, just like the play.
In the mid 1930’s, the musicals of Rodgers and Hart were rolling out at a rapid rate. “On your Toes” in 1936 was followed by “Babes in Arms” and “I’d Rather be Right” in 1937, “I Married an Angel” and “The Boys from Syracuse” in 1938, “Too Many Girls” in 1939, “Pal Joey” in 1940 and finally “By Jupiter” was released in 1942.
Sadly, personal problems for Hart and his descent into alcoholism saw the gradual breakdown of the musical partnership as their success escalated. The first of what would come to be many famous collaborative works with Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein was released early in 1943. A final attempt to pull the Rodgers and Hart partnership back together was made with the Broadway release of the reworked “A Connecticut Yankee” in 1943. Hart’s health by this time was seriously compromised, with his death coming just 5 days into the Broadway season of the last Rodgers and Hart musical.
The musical partnership of Rodgers and Hart generated some of the most innovative and successful musical comedies on Broadway and in Hollywood. With their collaboration spanning more than 20 years, the partnership of these two musical talents gave the world 28 Broadway musicals, eight Hollywood movies and some 500 plus songs. The rich musical legacy of Rodgers and Hart remains a fine reflection upon an extraordinary musical team.

Minor 7th Chords

Monday, January 26th, 2009

Minor 7th chords are one of the most useful chords of all. Great for improvising and creating a mellow sound.


Minor 7th Chords

The Great “Cocktail” Pianists

Monday, January 26th, 2009

 

Nothing adds more elegance to a party than a cocktail pianist tinkling away gently in the background. These days you can flip through the phone book to find a good cocktail pianist to play at your wedding, engagement party or gala dinner. Most of them sing too, and they definitely take special requests. Modern cocktail pianists follow in the style of greats like Eddy Duchin, Liberace and Carman Cavallero, among others.

Eddy Duchin was relatively young when he died at age 40, but in his short life he managed to carve a legacy as a truly unique and standout cocktail pianist. He left his career as a pharmacist to concentrate on his love for music, particularly the piano. Despite having no formal training, his engaging personality, good looks and charm helped him achieve popularity at the Central Park Casino. It was a swanky nightclub more than a casino, and eventually Eddy took the lead in the orchestra.

Eddy Duchin was a household name by the mid-30’s, and today he’s known as one of the first pianists to lead an entire orchestra. His son, Peter Duchin, followed in his father’s footsteps. Peter became an accomplished pianist in his own right and is actively involved in the American arts and culture scene.

Carmen Cavallero earned himself the nickname “Poet of the Piano” for the way he played. His style was typical of what many contemporary cocktail pianists aim to sound like: tinkling, rippling melodies, classic mixed up with a little pop. He also experimented with Latin music and jazz. He quickly became the lead solo pianist in a group he joined, but then left to form his own five-piece band in 1939. It proved so successful that the group was expanded in the early 1940’s.

Carmen and his band toured across America, finding a favorite spot at San Francisco’s Mark Hopkins Hotel. Carmen’s popularity skyrocketed with the release of Sukiyaki, a song first made popular by Japanese singer Kyo Sakamoto. A few years before he died in 1989, Carmen Cavallero’s band was one of the most listened-to groups in San Francisco.

Duchin and Cavallero’s style of cocktail piano influenced many young pianists. One of them was a young Polish-Italian called Wladziu Valentino Liberace, better known as simply Liberace. Quite early on it was clear that the young Liberace would be a phenomenon. He learned the piano at age four. By seven he was memorizing and replaying complicated pieces. He was a lonely teen teased by his peers, so he threw himself into his music. He played at every event that would pay, even strip clubs and cabaret bars.

Liberace developed his signature showman style slowly. He moved away from playing competitions to putting on his own shows. He started by tentatively mixing classics with the pop music of the moment. Then he started adding dialogue, interacting with his audience and even taking requests. By the mid-1940’s, Liberace was the talk of show business. His act became more flamboyant and entertaining. His costumes and custom-made pianos with sequins were fantastic, but he never allowed his showiness to overshadow his music. Even after his death in 1987, music critics still describe him as a potent, extraordinarily talented performer.

The first cocktail pianists were interesting because they were different. They broke away from playing stilted classics to halls of stuffy aristocrats. Cocktail pianists made the music their own, using their creative talent to produce something original and entertaining. They communicated with their audiences, making them feel like part of the performance rather than removed from it. The first cocktail pianists like Duchin, Cavallero and Liberace did us a favor when they set piano music free.

The Amazing Diminished 7th Chord & What It Can Do

Saturday, January 24th, 2009

Diminished 7th chords are amazing. There are only 3 of them because each is composed of a stack of minor 3rds. So each note in a diminished 7th chords can function as the root. Watch this short video to see what else you can do with them:

Augmented Chords: What They Are & How To Use Them

Saturday, January 24th, 2009
Augmented chords are to a piece of music like pepper is to a meal; you would never sit down to a meal of pepper alone, but you might sprinkle a little on your food to liven up the taste a bit.

Augmented triads (triads are 3-note chords) are one of the 4 basic chord types, yet they are used very little compared to major and minor chords.

 

There are four basic kinds of triads in music:

Major triads: composed of the root, major 3rd, and perfect 5th of a major scale.

Minor triads: composed of the root, minor 3rd, and perfect 5th of a major scale.

Diminished triads: composed of the root, minor 3rd, and diminished 5th of a major scale.

Augmented triads: composed of the root, major 3rd, and augmented 5th of a major scale.

As an example, the C major scale is:

C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C

So a C major triad would be:

C, E, G

A minor triad would be:

C, Eb, G

A diminished triad would be:

C, Eb, Gb

An augmented triad would be:

C, E, G#

Most of the songs we know or hear on the radio or TV (or on our IPOD’s or other MP3 player) are written in a major key. That means that most of the chords in those songs are major chords — only 20% or so are minor chords.

The other 10% of songs and musical compositions are written in a minor key, which means that there will be several minor chords within the context of the piece.

So if nearly 100% of all songs contain major and minor chords, what place is there for diminished and augmented triads?

They are the salt and pepper of a musical meal.

In other words, major chords are like the main dish — the steak, if you will, of a song. Minor chords are like a side dish of corn or broccoli (yuk!) or whatever.

You would never sit down to a meal of just pepper or just salt, would you? Same way here; you use diminished and augmented triads to add spice to your meat and potatoes. We covered diminished triads in an earlier article, so this time we will focus on augmented triads.

Here are the 12 augmented triads:

C aug: C, E, G#

F aug: F, A, C#

G aug: G, B, D#

D aug: D, F#, A#

E aug: E, G#, B# (enharmonic with C)

A aug: A, C#, E# (enharmonic with F)

Db aug: Db, F, A

Eb aug: Eb, G, B

Ab aug: Ab, C, E

Gb aug: Gb, Bb, D

Bb aug: Bb, D, F#

B aug: B, D#, Fx (F double-sharp, which is enharmonic with G)

So like diminished chords, augmented chords are used to add spice to your musical meal. You don’t linger on them, but use them as transition chords between a major and another major chord, or between a major and a minor chord, or sometimes even between two minor chords.

As an example, let’s say you are playing “Battle Hymn of the Republic” in the key of C and your first chord is C major on the entire first phrase “Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord” As you transition to the F chord on the word “trampling”, you can insert a C augmented triad on the words “He is”. It only lasts one beat, but it adds interest to the song by leading smoothly from the C chord to the F chord.

You could also use a C augmented chord in the chorus as you move from the 1st phrase “Glory, glory, hallelujah!” to the second “Glory, glory, hallelujah!” You are moving from a C chord to an F chord, so insert a C+ chord (the symbol for an augmented triad is a + sign)right before you play the F chord.

As you play various songs, look for opportunities to use augmented triads as transition chords. And just like pepper is to a mealof food, so augmented triads are to a musical meal.

 

 

Use Diminished Chords To Add Flavor To Your Music

Friday, January 23rd, 2009
 

You wouldn’t sit down to a meal of salt and pepper, but instead you might add them to your meat & potatoes to make your meal more tasty. The same is true of diminished triads. You wouldn’t build a song out of them, but by using them sparingly, you can add taste to any musical meal.

There are four basic kinds of triads (3-note chords) in music:

Major triads: composed of the root, major 3rd, and perfect 5th of a major scale.

Minor triads: composed of the root, minor 3rd, and perfect 5th of a major scale.

Diminished triads: composed of the root, minor 3rd, and diminished 5th of a major scale.

Augmented triads: composed of the root, major 3rd, and augmented 5th of a major scale.

As an example, the C major scale is:

C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C

So a C major triad would be:

C, E, G

A minor triad would be:

C, Eb, G

A diminished triad would be:

C, Eb, Gb

An augmented triad would be:

C, E, G#

About 90% of the songs we know or hear on the radio or TV (or on our IPOD’s or other MP3 player) are written in a major key. That means that most of the chords in those songs are major chords — only 20% or so are minor chords.

The other 10% of songs and musical compositions are written in a minor key, which means that there will be several minor chords within the context of the piece.

So if nearly 100% of all songs contain major and minor chords, what place is there for diminished and augmented triads?

They are the salt and pepper of a musical meal.

In other words, major chords are like the main dish — the steak, if you will, of a song. Minor chords are like a side dish of corn or broccoli (yuk!) or whatever.

You would never sit down to a meal of just pepper or just salt, would you? Same way here; you use diminished and augmented triads to add spice to your meat and potatoes.

So here are the 12 diminished triads:

C dim: C, Eb, Gb

F dim: F, Ab, Cb

G dim: G, Bb, Db

D dim: D, F, Ab

E dim: E, G, Bb

A dim: A, C, Eb

Db dim: Db, Fb, Abb (same as G)(By the way, Db dim is enharmonic with C# dim)

Eb dim: Eb, Gb, Bbb (same as A) (Eb dim is enharmonic with D# dim)

Ab dim: Ab, Cb, Ebb (same as D) (Ab dim is enharmonic with G# dim)

Gb dim: Gb, Bb, Dbb (same as C) (Gb dim is enharmonic with F# dim)

Bb dim: Bb, Db, Fb (Bb dim is enharmonic with A# dim)

B dim: B, D, F

So diminished chords are used to add spice to your musical meal. You don’t linger on them, but use them as transition chords between a major and another major chord, or between a major and a minor chord, or sometimes even between two minor chords.

For example, let’s say you are playing “Amazing Grace” in the key of F and your first chord is F major on the words “Amazing grace”. As you transition to the Dm chord on the word “sweet”, you can insert a C# diminished triad on the word “how”. It only lasts one beat, but it adds interest to the song.

As you play various songs, look for opportunities to use diminished triads as transition chords. And just like salt is to a meal, so diminished triads are to a musical meal.

 

Minor Piano Chords — How To Form Them & Use Them

Thursday, January 22nd, 2009

 

Minor chords create a sound which most people think is somber or serious; some people even think of minor chords as “sad”, as opposed to major chords which sound “normal”, or “happy”. Some of the great classics are written in minor keys, including Fur Elise by Beethoven, Prelude in C# Minor by Rachmaninoff, Prelude in Cm by Chopin, and many others. In popular music there is “Summertime”, “A Taste of Honey”, “‘Round Midnight”, etc. and in folk music there is “Greensleeves”, “Dark Eyes”, “Volga Boatman”,”When Johnny Comes Marching Home” and many more.

But minor chords also occur frequently in songs which are written in major keys, and they provide the contrast needed to make a song interesting. The most-used chords in any given key are the I, IV, and V chords which are major, but followed by the ii, iii, and iv chords which are minor. So most songs written in a major key include from 1 to 3 minor chords somewhere along the line.

To understand minor chords we first need to understand major chords. Major chords are created using the root, 3rd, and 5th of a major scale. A major scale (from “la scala” = the ladder) is defined as a row of notes that moves from a root (the bottom or starting note) and moves upward by 2 whole steps, a half step, 3 whole steps, and one half step until it reaches the octave note (8 notes higher). By selecting the root, 3rd, and 5th notes of the scale we create a major chord (also known as a triad — a 3-note chord).

There are only 12 different major chords:

3 of the major chords were made of all white keys: C F G.

3 of the major chords were made of white keys on the outside, with a black key in

the middle: D E A.

3 of the major chords were like an Oreo cookie? Black on the outside, white on the inside: Db Eb Ab.

That only leaves 3 major chords, one of which is all black, and one of which is white, black, black, and the other the reverse — black, white, white. Gb (all black) B (white, black, black) Bb (black, white, white).

 

And that’s it.

Here they are in that order:

Major chords composed of all white keys:

C major chord: C, E, G

F major chord: F, A, C

G major chord: G, B, D

Major chords composed of white keys on the outside with a black key in the center:

D major chord: D, F#, A

E major chord: E, G#, B

A major chord: A, C#, E

Major chords composed of black keys on the outside with a white key in the center: Db major chord: Db, F, Ab

Eb major chord: Eb, G, Bb

Ab major chord: Ab, C, Eb

Major chords left over:

Gb major chord (all black keys): Gb, Bb, Db

Bb major chord: Bb,

D, F B major chord: B, D#, F#

All these chords shown above are in “root position”; that is, the root, or name of the

chord, is on the bottom of the chord. In a subsequent article we will take up the other

positions in which we can play chords: inversions.

So why do I need to learn the major chords?

The answer is simple: all other chords are formed by altering one or more notes of a major chord. So once you know major chords, it’s easy to find minor, diminished, augmented, and extended chords.

So to find a minor chord, all we need to do is lower the 3rd of each chord 1/2 step. So to make the C major chord into a C minor chord, we just need to lower E (the 3rd of the chord) 1/2 step to Eb.

So C minor chord is C, Eb, G

Here are the rest of the minor chords:

F minor chord: F, Ab, C

G minor chord: G, Bb, D

D minor chord: D, F, A

E minor chord: E, G, B

A minor chord: A, C, E

Db minor chord: Db, Fb, Ab (Fb is the same as E)

Eb minor chord: Eb, Gb, Bb

Ab minor chord: Ab, Cb, Eb (Cb is the same as B)

Gb minor chord: Gb, Bbb, Db (Bbb is the same as A)

B minor chord: B, D, F#

Bb minor chord: Bb, Db, F

Learn them well, as you will be playing them all of your life in countless songs.

 

 

Georgia On My Mind: The Jazz Tunes of Hoagy Carmichael

Friday, January 2nd, 2009
Hoagy Carmichael

Jazz pianist Hoagy Carmichael’s story is one of a musician overcoming the odds. For Hoagy Carmichael, life started with a succession of homes across the Midwest as his father moved their family around looking for steady work, returning always to Bloomington, Indiana. While his mother would play piano for the local movie houses and at dances, Carmichael would stand beside her. He later reflected on this time, stating, “Ragtime was my lullaby.”

Lida Carmichael, Hoagy’s mother, dreamed of seeing her son become the president of a railroad. Railroad work wasn’t in the future for Carmichael. With his mother’s musical ear and a burning ambition to become a jazz musician,  Hoagy went to hear Louie Jordan playing with an early jazz ensemble in 1919. The performance convinced him to become a musician.

The final piece of his future destiny fell into place when Hoagy Carmichael played an improvised piano tune for coronet player and fellow jazz enthusiast Bix Beiderbecke. Bix asked Hoagy why he didn’t write music himself, and thereafter Hoagy decided to become a musician, songwriter and entertainer for a living.
As with many artists, the road to success and fame wasn’t always smooth. After initial success with the celebrated “Washboard Blues” and “Riverboat Shuffle,” Hoagy moved to New York City. 

Finding that his initial success faded, Hoagy eventually had to work a job selling bonds with a Wall Street broker to make ends meet. He chose to produce music he believed in rather than succumb to growing pressure to produce commercial songs.

The conviction and desire to remain true to the music he loved finally yielded results with the release of songs like “Rockin’ Chair,” “Georgia on My Mind” and “Lazy River.” Alongside artists such as Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington, the new medium of radio quickly thrust Hoagy Carmichael, the pianist from Indiana, into the spotlight.

In 1936, Hoagy made the move to Hollywood, where many composers were experiencing unprecedented success. Over the subsequent decade, picking out a tune on a piano earned him success that his mother could never have forseen when warning him against a musical career path many years earlier. During this period, Hoagy Carmichael worked alongside lyricists such as Mitchell Parish, Frank Loesser and Johnny Mercer.

By the late 1940’s, the musician had achieved almost unparalleled success. Hoagy Carmichael was a household name with hits on the radio, record deals and appearances in movies such as “To Have and Have Not” and “The Best Year of Our Lives.” In 1946, three of four songs on the Hit Parade were written by Hoagy Carmichael. In 1951, Hoagy won an Oscar along with Johnny Mercer for ‘In the Cool, Cool, Cool of Evening.” Hoagy was even host of his own TV show, “The Saturday Night Review.”

The charm of Carmichael as an entertainer was in his ability to remain the kind of person that the public felt they could have a drink with or a share a joke over dinner. Hoagy Carmichael was an entertainer that the average person felt they could identify with easily. He was someone who shared the same hopes and dreams they did.

Beneath his easy going exterior, the musician retained an intensity of emotion which powered his music and desire to produce quality work. To see Carmichael late in his career at his piano performing songs like “Lazybones” and “Ole Buttermilk Sky” with his unique style and distinctive voice made it hard to imagine that he ever struggled to achieve success.

Carmichael’s tale of himself as a young kid going crazy for jazz music and making the piano his life’s work is the story of a triumph of the human spirit.  Hoagy Carmichael’s journey from humble musical beginnings wasn’t always smooth, but his development as a musician and entertainer gave many popular and highly regarded songs to the public during his long and successful career.

What Is An Octave? Understanding Pitch, Vibrations & Octaves (Watch video)

Thursday, January 1st, 2009

What is an octave? The word “octave” is related to “octopus”, “octagon”, etc — in other words, eight. In music, an octave is 8 diatonic scale notes  higher or lower than  the note of the same name.

For example, the “A” note is always 8 notes higher or lower than the previous “A”. The “A” above middle C vibrates 440 times per second, so the “A” an octave above it would vibrate 880 times per second, while the “A” below middle C would vibrate 220 times per second, and so on. 

The human ear identifies these octave notes as being “the same” — only higher or lower, so if a soprano sang A440 and a bass sang A110, the human ear would hear it as the same note — just separated by pitch. That’s why there are only 7 distinct diatonic pitches and only 12 distinct chromatic pitches, despite the fact that the piano keyboard has 88 keys. Each note is repeated over and over again, but at a higher or lower octave.