Archive for the ‘music theory’ Category

What is Music Theory and Why Should I Learn it?

Wednesday, March 25th, 2009

 

Aside from the academic study of music theory, which explores the theories surrounding music issues, such as whether or not a piece of music fits into one category or another, music theory is really the nuts and bolts of music.   It’s the way that music is composed, and performed.  Whether you are thinking about musical harmony, the way a concerto is orchestrated, and even the simple basics of how to read music, then you’re thinking about aspects of musical theory.

The first question that many people just starting out on their music journey often ask is “Do I really need to know this stuff?”  The answer depends on what you want to do with your music.  There are many successful recording artists who can’t read music never mind distinguish a symphony from a sonata.  This implies that you don’t need to have any knowledge of music theory in order to be a successful musician.  However musicians who can do this to a great level are few and far between.  Even if you are pitch perfect and can compose and play a piece of music entirely from memory, you can’t easily share this music with others unless they have similar skills.

Music theory allows musicians from all backgrounds to come together on a level playing field.  Each of them understand the piece of music in front them.  They know what key it is to be played in - vital if they want to create harmonies.   They know what time it’s in so that they can get the beat right.  The composer will have noted on the music manuscript how the piece is to be played - terminology that means slowly, softly, “with gusto” and so on.  Those who compose understand the common music forms and by understanding the range of each instrument are able to combine different combinations of instruments playing harmoniously together.  They know the instruments to work with for the kind of music they are composing, and can compose both melody and base lines that sound right whether played independently or together. 

If you have a good ear for music and know the fundamentals of how your musical instrument works, then you may have no use for music theory.  On the other hand, if you want to compose music that you’d like to share with other musicians, if you want to play with other musicians in an orchestra or band, or  if you want to be able to play a piece of music that someone else has composed and you haven’t heard played, then some basic understanding of music theory is required.

Imagine that you can look at any music score and instantly be able to sight-read it, which means you could sit down with your instrument and by reading and understanding the notations made by the composer you are able to play that piece of music in the way that the composer intended.  With little more than a basic knowledge of music theory, such as being able to read music and understand some simple, common musical terms, you could do that.  Even if that’s not a skill you would use often, as a musician, isn’t it a skill you’d like to have?

 

 

Music 101: What would I learn if I took Music 101 in college?

Saturday, March 21st, 2009

What would I learn if I took Music 101 in college?

Most major college Music 101 courses are specialized and designed for a specific program. In other words, you’ll find a Music 101 class for classical music, dance and theater, performance, or theory (among many others). Which 101 class a student chooses is mostly determined by their major. For example, a college may offer separate degree programs, including a Bachelor of Arts in Music Performance, Bachelor of Arts in Theory and Composition, or Bachelor of Arts in Music Education. In most schools, each major has a particular program of study and may have it’s own 101 class with specific points of study.

In general, a college-level Music 101 class covers a number of topics including music notation, composition, piano, performance (some whether the student plays an instrument or not), and ear training (sight singing). A significant amount of time is spent on piano studies (some colleges call the class “Keyboard Skills”) where the student learns basic composing skills, explores different styles of music, and begins their study of music theory. The student may also be asked to be a part of a choir or chorale, and study the human voice as a musical instrument.

For those students not familiar with reading music, some 101 classes include the study of basic music terms as well as the various signs and symbols present in written music. The student will also study key and time signatures, various scales, and dynamics. Normally, at the end of such a class, the student is required to demonstrate what they have learned via a written exam or by playing a piece on the piano. Along with these hands-on offerings, many colleges and universities offer a class in the physics and science of sound (which may lead to a career as a recording engineer).

In keeping up with advances in computer recording and digital media, The Julliard School of Music, for example, offers a class in Music Technology where students pursue specialized areas of study such as digital music production, film scoring, and the use of computers in performance. Other schools, such as the Berkley College of Music, includes a 101 section on the business aspects of music including artist management and promotion

For the most part, a Music 101 class will not require prerequisite studies (particularly those 101 classes that are of a general nature). All that may be needed is eligibility and the desire to learn. These classes are often a continuation of a high school (or college) Music Appreciation class, with a focus on topics such as music in culture, history of music, seeing music as an art form, and an appreciation of the process of recording and producing CD titles (albums and singles). Being able to play an instrument or having  background in vocal studies may not be necessary. This type of a Music 101 class can often be found at the community college level or, in some cases, part of a community continuing education program.

The Laws of Music: Can You Answer These Questions?

Wednesday, November 19th, 2008

Did You Know That Music Is Based On Natural “Laws”?

Did you know that music is based on natural “laws” — like gravity — and by learning to understand how those natural laws work we can actually understand what we are doing when we play — we don’t have to be at the mercy of what someone else has written on a piece of music.

 

How many of these facts do you know about music & piano playing? Test yourself and then check the answers at the bottom of the page:

 

 

  • Did you know that by learning just 3 chords you can play hundreds of songs?
  • Did you know that there are only 12 major keys you can play in, but you only really have to master one key to play most popular songs?
  • Did you know that it is possible to easily match any melody note (tune) to a chord, so you can harmonize any note?
  • Did you know that Beethoven’s Fur Elise and the blues song “Summertime” uses the exact same chords for the theme of the song?
  • Did you know that it is quite possible to predict what chord comes next in a song with accuracy approaching 85%?
  • Did you know you can use the same chords to play boogie, blues, new age, gospel, pop, rock, jazz, country - anything except classical music? (And even some classics!)
  • Did you know that guitar chords are the same as piano chords — the only thing different is the instrument and the resulting sound?
  • Did you know that hundreds of songs use exactly the same form, so by learning that form you can know what’s coming next in a song?
  • Did you know that by coming in through the backdoor of piano playing — chords — you can start making wonderful and satisfying sounds on the piano in just a few days instead of a few years — even if you don’t know Middle C from Tweedle Dee?

Answers to piano playing music questions:

 

 

 

  • True. That’s because there are just 3 primary chords in any key — like family members: Mom, Dad, Child. Get to know those 3 and you’ve got it.
  • True. It’s like languages. It’s great to be able to speak several, but you can get by with just one. I’d love to speak other languages, but I can get by with just English.
  • True. Every note is part of several different chords. So it is easy to harmonize any song once you know the secret.
  • True. Yep. They both use the A minor chord and the E7 chord in their themes.
  • True. I know that’s hard to believe, but remember that music is based on math. Once you understand a thing called the “Circle of 4ths” it’s a piece of cake. In fact, I can tell you right now that 85% of the time the G chord comes directly after the D7 chord. So next time you run into the D7 chord, you have an educated guess of 85% that the next chord will be some form of the G chord. (G, G7 etc.) If you’re into amazing your friends, that’ll do it!
  • True. Apply different rhythms to the same chords, and you have many styles of music! With the very same chords I can play boogie, jazz, rock, pop, gospel, new age, ragtime.
  • True. Chords are chords. Once you know them, you can apply them to any instrument.
  • True. Musical forms such as “AABA” and “ABA” are the basis of thousands and thousands of songs.
  • True. Understanding chords and how them form the skeleton of music accelerates the learning curve exponentially.

The bottom line is this: music is based on natural law and is mathematical in nature. Understanding is the key to both rapid learning and getting more enjoyment out of the process.

 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 

What is Music Theory and Why Should I Learn it?

Wednesday, October 15th, 2008

Aside from the academic study of music theory, which explores the theories surrounding music issues, such as whether or not a piece of music fits into one category or another, music theory is really the nuts and bolts of music. It’s the way that music is composed, and performed. Whether you are thinking about musical harmony, the way a concerto is orchestrated, and even the simple basics of how to read music, then you’re thinking about aspects of musical theory.

The first question that many people just starting out on their music journey often ask is “Do I really need to know this stuff?” The answer depends on what you want to do with your music. There are many successful recording artists who can’t read music never mind distinguish a symphony from a sonata. This implies that you don’t need to have any knowledge of music theory in order to be a successful musician. However musicians who can do this to a great level are few and far between. Even if you are pitch perfect and can compose and play a piece of music entirely from memory, you can’t easily share this music with others unless they have similar skills.

Music theory allows musicians from all backgrounds to come together on a level playing field. Each of them understand the piece of music in front them. They know what key it is to be played in - vital if they want to create harmonies. They know what time it’s in so that they can get the beat right. The composer will have noted on the music manuscript how the piece is to be played - terminology that means slowly, softly, “with gusto” and so on. Those who compose understand the common music forms and by understanding the range of each instrument are able to combine different combinations of instruments playing harmoniously together. They know the instruments to work with for the kind of music they are composing, and can compose both melody and base lines that sound right whether played independently or together.

If you have a good ear for music and know the fundamentals of how your musical instrument works, then you may have no use for music theory. On the other hand, if you want to compose music that you’d like to share with other musicians, if you want to play with other musicians in an orchestra or band, or if you want to be able to play a piece of music that someone else has composed and you haven’t heard played, then some basic understanding of music theory is required.

Imagine that you can look at any music score and instantly be able to sight-read it, which means you could sit down with your instrument and by reading and understanding the notations made by the composer you are able to play that piece of music in the way that the composer intended. With little more than a basic knowledge of music theory, such as being able to read music and understand some simple, common musical terms, you could do that. Even if that’s not a skill you would use often, as a musician, isn’t it a skill you’d like to have?

For a complete course in music theory, please click here: Music Theory Course

Musical Consonance and Dissonance

Saturday, September 27th, 2008

Music
Musical consonance and dissonance are the exact opposite of each other, like day and night. Though both refer to the type of sound achieved by playing a chord or interval, they produce radically different tonal types. Musical consonance is typically thought of as a pleasing or resolved sound; it is achieved by two notes that clearly complement each other and produce a comfortable chord or interval. Musical consonance is at the very heart of composition. Most songs consistently contain some level of musical consonance, whether perfect or imperfect (a classification coined during the common practice period); perfect musical consonance is found in perfect fourths and fifths, octaves or unisons, and imperfect musical consonance is found in major or minor thirds or sixths.

Musical dissonance, on the other hand, is a chord or interval that seems restless or uncomfortable. It can be achieved by playing a chord that doesn’t resolve the song, or two notes that very audibly clash with each other, such as minor seconds or major sevenths (usually notes that lie only a half-step away from each Consonant & dissonant musicother). The concept of musical dissonance isn’t necessarily universal, however; what one era considered to be a musical dissonance is sometimes considered to be a musical consonance in modern times (for example, perfect fourths were at one time seen as dissonant). And in some eras, musical dissonance was even forbidden, all songs had to be resolved; this was an era in which perfect fourths and fifths were some of the only acceptable chords. In modern music composition, however, musical dissonance is not only allowed, it’s often encouraged. Rock musicians use dissonant chords like minor seconds and tritones to great effect and even classical composers employ musical dissonance to create a dark, specific mood.

In a sense, all music can be viewed as a contest between dissonance and consonance. If a piece of music was all consonance, it would be boring. If it were all dissonance, it wouldn’t be listenable at all. So every piece of music is crafted in a unique way to move back and forth between those two extremes to create both interest and pleasure.